Improvement in churns



WARREN & BALDWIN.

Churn No. 45,544. r Patented Dec. 20, 1864.

N PEYERS. Phowulhngmphen Washingwn. D, C.

UNrrED STATES Parent OFFICE.

O. H. WARREN AND A. C. BALDWIN, -OF TIFFIN, OHIO.

IMPROVEMENT IN CHURNS.

Specification forming part of Letters Patent No. 415,5l, dated December20, 1864.

To all fat-hom it may concern Be it known that we, O. H. W'ARREN and A.C. BALDWIN, ot' Tit'n, county oi Seneca, and State ot" Ohio, haveinvented a new and Improved Ohurn, and we do hereby declare that thefollowing is a full, clear, and exact description thereof', referencebeing had to the accompanying drawings, making a part of thisspecitication, in which- Figure 1 is a longitudinal section taken in avertical plane through the center ot' our churn. Fig. 2 is a verticaltransverse section through Fig. 1, taken at the point indicated by redline a: ov. Fig. 3 is a view ot" the dashshai't.

Similar letters of reference indicate corresponding parts in the threefigures.

This invention and improvement in churns relate to a method ot' applyingthe dash-shaft within the churn-box which will admit of its readyremoval from this box, and also admit of the shaft being rotated eitherto the right or to the left without detaching or loosening` it from itsdriving-wheels; also, to a novel method of applying the hand-crank tothe driving spur-wheel so that this crank can be readily removedtherefrom or secured in any desired position to obtain greater or lessleverage, at the pleasure or" the operator; Also, to so arranging thedashers or paddles that they will each operate to force the creamlaterally toward and from the center ot' the machine, and at the sametime give to it a rotary movement.

Our invention relates, tinall y, to the arrangement of an inclinedremovable board beneath the cover of the churn-box and over the dashersin such manner as to assist in breaking up the butter globules, all aswill be hereinafter described.

To enable others skilled in the art to make and use our invention, wewill describeits c011- struction and operation.

In the accompanying drawings, A represents the churn-box, which isconstructed with vertical sides and a semi-cylindrical bottom. The topof this box A is adapt-ed to receive a curved cover, A', which tits intoa rabbet, and is held down in its place by means ot thumbbuttons. Theends of the box A are continued down a short distance below the bottomthereof', and secured to a horizontal shelf or secondary bottom, A2, towhich the curvedlegs a a a are secured. The upper ends of these legs areformed with shoulders on them, which abut againstthc edges of the bottomboard, A2, and by the aid ot' screws these legs are secured very rigidlyin place.

Within the box A, and concentric with its bottoni, is a longitudinalshaft, B, arranged in a parallel plane with the bottom, as shown in Fig.l. One end of this shaft has a pin, b, projecting from itand entering ametallic hearing-box, b', which is seated into the end ofthe box A. Theopposite end ot' the shaft B has a metallic cap, o, secured over it., inthe center ot' which is t'ormed a square recess or socket, adapted forreceiving a square tenen that is formed on the inner end ot' the shortdrivingshaft d. This shaft d has its bearings in a tubular iianged box,df, which is inserted through the end of the churn-box, in place byinserting screws through the tlange, as shown in Fig. 1. The shaft d hasa spur-wheel, c, secured on its end, which engages with a larger'spur-wheel, g, that has its bearing on a iixed pin, g'. serves as ameans for keeping the shaft d and its pinion e in place, and also as ameans for communicating a rapid rotary motion to the dash-shaft B. Theliange f, which projects from the circumference of the wheel e, abutsagainst the wheel g; and hence it will be seen thatthe shal't d cannotbe withdrawn without iirst removing the wheel g from its bearingpin. Thesquare enlargementlz, which is cast on the outer face ofthe drivingspur-wheel g, is intended l'or receiving one end ot the crankhandle G,which end has a square recess formed in it to receive the enlargement h.A screw, 1T, is used for securing the handle in place, as shown in 1. Byremoving this screw the handle O can be detached from its wheel andapplied to it again, so that its outer end will be brought much nearerthe axis ot` this driving-wheel, as indicated in red, Fig. 1. 3y thismethod ot applying the crank O to the wheel g there are four dili'erentpositions in which the former can be arranged.

The dash-shaft has two slots cnt diagonally through it, through whichare inserted the blades D l), that project out from each side ot' theirshalt equal distances, and have openings made through them to assist inagit-ating and breaking up the globules ot' butter. The oblique slotsthrough which the blades l) D are and secured This latter wheel,

passed serve as a means of Securing them to their shaft, and also togive them such aposition thereon as will cause one side of each blade toforce the cream toward the center of the churn-box, while the oppositesides of the blades will force the cream toward the ends of tl echurn-box, at the same time giving to the cream a rotary motion aroundthe shaft B. The space which is left between the paddles as well as thespaces at the ends of the shaft B facilitate the passage of the paddlesor dashers through the body of cream.

Directly over the flashers D Dis an inclined board, G, which is fittedinto grooves formed in the end boards of the churn'boX. This board isallowed to slide out and in when the cover A' is removed,'and it isintended, in connection with the paddles D D, to facilitate thc breaking up of the butter-globules.

It will be seen from the above description that when it is necessary toclean the interior of the churn the dash shaft B can readily be removedby slipping oft' the driving spurwheel g, which will allow thedriving-shaft support d to be withdrawn.

The removable board Gr being inclined and arranged directly over thedashers, it serves as a deecting-board to prevent the cream. from beingforced out at the joints of the cover during'the operation of churning,and also serves to keep the cream within the scope of the dashers.

Having thus described our invention, what we claim as new, and desire tosecure by Letters Patent, is-

1. Attaching the crank C to the wheel g by means of a tenon, l1., formedon this wheel, and a socket formed in the crank, in combination with thescrew-fastening i, substantially as described.

- 2. Applying the dashers D D to the shaft -B in oblique planes to theaxis of this shaft,

substantially as shown in Fig. 3.

3. The removable inclined deiecting-board G, arranged Within thechurn-box, substantially as described.

4. The construction ot' the churn-box A with a secondary bottom orshelf, A2, substantially as described.

G. H. WARREN. A. O. BALD WIN. Witnesses:

GEO. BROWN, HARRISON NOBLE.

